اردو لسانیات کا تاریخی پس منظر

Abstract

This article outlines the historical evolution of Urdu linguistics, highlighting the limited early engagement of Urdu scholars in scientific linguistic inquiry compared to Western Orientalists. Siraj-ud-Din Ali Khan Arzoo is noted as the first to identify linguistic links between Urdu, Persian, and Sanskrit. Insha Allah Khan Insha’s Darya-e-Latafat is recognized as the first structured Urdu grammar with sociolinguistic insights.

Later scholars like Muhammad Hussain Azad, Syed Ahmad Dehlvi, and Mirza Sultan Ahmad expanded on linguistic issues. The development of Urdu grammar evolved through Arabic, Persian, and European influences, reaching a more scientific stage in the 20th century with contributions from Abdul Haq, Shaukat Sabzwari, Masood Hasan Khan, and Hafiz Mahmood Shirani.

The article concludes that early Urdu linguists focused more on literary and historical aspects than on direct engagement with Sanskrit or Indo-Aryan linguistic traditions