غزل کا مورثِ اعلیٰ،معدوم ہوتے تصورات و تفکرات

Abstract

This passage outlines the rich history and emotional depth of the Urdu ghazal. Originating in ancient Persia (Iran), the ghazal is seen as the "mother" of Urdu ghazal due to its influence, especially when Hyderabad Deccan embraced Iranian literary culture. While words and expressions were borrowed, the melancholic tone of the ghazal remained original, shaped by the poet’s environment—best exemplified by the Delhi School of Poetry (Dabistan-e-Delhi).

Persian poet Abu Abdullah Jaffar bin Muhammad, known as Rudaki (880–941 AD), is credited as the pioneer of the ghazal. He initiated the genre by separating “Tashbib” (the romantic opening) from the Qasidah, marking the formal birth of the ghazal. From Iran, the ghazal spread to Deccan, then Delhi and Lucknow, flourishing particularly between 1707 and 1857 AD—a period considered the golden age of Urdu ghazal.